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oil refineries - перевод на голландский
![Anacortes Refinery]], on the north end of March Point southeast of [[Anacortes, Washington]], United States](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Anacortes Refinery 31911.JPG?width=200 "Anacortes Refinery]], on the north end of March Point southeast of [[Anacortes, Washington]], United States")
![Storage tanks and towers at [[Shell Puget Sound Refinery]] ([[Shell Oil Company]]), [[Anacortes, Washington]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Anacortes Refinery 32017.JPG?width=200 "Storage tanks and towers at [[Shell Puget Sound Refinery]] ([[Shell Oil Company]]), [[Anacortes, Washington]]")
![Fire-extinguishing operations after the [[Texas City Refinery explosion]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/BP PLANT EXPLOSION-1 lowres2.jpg?width=200 "Fire-extinguishing operations after the [[Texas City Refinery explosion]]")
![cracked]] into lighter, more useful products. All of the fractions are processed further in other refining units.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Crude Oil Distillation-en.svg?width=200 "cracked]] into lighter, more useful products. All of the fractions are processed further in other refining units.")
![[[Grangemouth Refinery]], in [[Scotland]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Grangemouth04nov06.jpg?width=200 "[[Grangemouth Refinery]], in [[Scotland]]")
![The oil refinery in [[Haifa, Israel]], is capable of processing about 9 million tons (66 million barrels) of [[crude oil]] a year. Its two [[cooling tower]]s are landmarks of the city's skyline.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Haifa Refinery by David Shankbone.jpg?width=200 "The oil refinery in [[Haifa, Israel]], is capable of processing about 9 million tons (66 million barrels) of [[crude oil]] a year. Its two [[cooling tower]]s are landmarks of the city's skyline.")
![The world's largest oil refinery, [[Jamnagar Refinery]] in [[Gujarat]], [[India]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jamnagar Refinery.jpg?width=200 "The world's largest oil refinery, [[Jamnagar Refinery]] in [[Gujarat]], [[India]]")
![[[Neste Oil]] refinery in [[Porvoo]], Finland](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Neste Oil Porvoo refinery.jpg?width=200 "[[Neste Oil]] refinery in [[Porvoo]], Finland")
![Refinery of [[Slovnaft]] in [[Bratislava]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Refinery of Slovnaft, view from Nový most viewpoint in Bratislava, Bratislava II District.jpg?width=200 "Refinery of [[Slovnaft]] in [[Bratislava]]")
![Sample of [[crude oil]] (petroleum)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Petroleum.JPG?width=200 "Sample of [[crude oil]] (petroleum)")
![Cylinders]] of [[liquified petroleum gas]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LPG cylinders.JPG?width=200 "Cylinders]] of [[liquified petroleum gas]]")
![Sample of [[gasoline]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gasoline in mason jar.jpg?width=200 "Sample of [[gasoline]]")
![Sample of [[kerosene]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Kerosene in mason jar.JPG?width=200 "Sample of [[kerosene]]")
![Sample of [[diesel fuel]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Diesel in mason jar.JPG?width=200 "Sample of [[diesel fuel]]")
![[[motor oil]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Motor oil.JPG?width=200 "[[motor oil]]")
![asphalt]]-covered aggregate for formation into [[asphalt concrete]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Asphalt Concrete.jpg?width=200 "asphalt]]-covered aggregate for formation into [[asphalt concrete]]")
![[[Sulphur]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sulfur-sample.jpg?width=200 "[[Sulphur]]")
![Pigments for sale at a market stall in [[Goa]], [[India]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Indian pigments.jpg?width=200 "Pigments for sale at a market stall in [[Goa]], [[India]].")
![alpha-linolenic]] (middle), and [[oleic acid]]s (bottom). The order of drying rate is linolenic > linoleic > oleic acid, reflecting their degree of unsaturation.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/ModelDryingOil.png?width=200 "alpha-linolenic]] (middle), and [[oleic acid]]s (bottom). The order of drying rate is linolenic > linoleic > oleic acid, reflecting their degree of unsaturation.")
.jpg?width=200 "Three oil paints, one of which is mixed with wax")
Определение
Википедия
An oil refinery or petroleum refinery is an industrial process plant where petroleum (crude oil) is transformed and refined into useful products such as gasoline (petrol), diesel fuel, asphalt base, fuel oils, heating oil, kerosene, liquefied petroleum gas and petroleum naphtha. Petrochemicals feedstock like ethylene and propylene can also be produced directly by cracking crude oil without the need of using refined products of crude oil such as naphtha. The crude oil feedstock has typically been processed by an oil production plant. There is usually an oil depot at or near an oil refinery for the storage of incoming crude oil feedstock as well as bulk liquid products. In 2020, the total capacity of global refineries for crude oil was about 101.2 million barrels per day.
Oil refineries are typically large, sprawling industrial complexes with extensive piping running throughout, carrying streams of fluids between large chemical processing units, such as distillation columns. In many ways, oil refineries use much of the technology and can be thought of, as types of chemical plants. Since December 2008, the world’s largest oil refinery has been the Jamnagar Refinery owned by Reliance Industries, located in Gujarat, India, with a processing capacity of 1.24 million barrels (197,000 m3) per day.
Oil refineries are an essential part of the petroleum industry's downstream sector.
